Gin, when mixed with tonic water, remains the sophisticated drink of many. The combination of Gin and tonic – leavened with lime or lemon, and usually with ice – is an aromatically flavoursome aperitif, particularly at the end of a warm day.
Gin is a family — a very close-knit family, but a family nonetheless — that share certain traits: most notably a reliance on juniper berries for their main flavouring component. The word Gin, after all, comes from the spirit’s original name; Jenever, Dutch for Juniper.
So, what goes into your Gin then? Well, each recipe is different but the main ingredient of course is juniper berries: purple-bluish little berries redolent of evergreen. Not surprising, since they are the fruit of an evergreen. So, what else is used in these sometimes-secret recipes?
Well, a typical Gin recipe may include some 5 to 10 botanicals. A botanical is any of a wide variety of herbs, seeds, roots and berries. Some are very common, shared among almost all the major Gin brands, while others are used in only a single recipe, a mark of distinction used to set one distiller’s Gin apart from all the others.
Here’s a brief rundown on some of the most common botanicals used in the production of Gin, and a few of the rarer ones as well.
Angelica Root – If you like the traditional Italian cakes known as panettone, then you have tasted candied angelica root. In Gin, this root, and sometimes even the seeds, is used to add an earthy, lightly floral element to Gin.
Cassia Bark – Another botanical with evergreen origins, this bark of a tree lends a pungent, spicy cinnamon flavour to Gin.
Coriander Seeds – These seeds add some subtly spicy, earthy undertones to Gin and are one of the most common botanicals used after the requisite juniper berries.
Orris Root – The root of a member of the Iris family, ground orris is used not only as a flavouring compound, contributing its lightly floral tone to the bouquet of many a Gin, but it also helps to bind the volatile aromatic compounds in solution.
Liquorice Root – While we are all familiar with liquorice, the flavour from the root is both particularly intense and bitter when compared to the candy some of us love. This botanical really helps to define the flavour profile of Gin with its bright, refreshing tones.
Almonds – Almonds are a surprisingly common element in Gin, contributing an aromatic sweetness and a base for other, more intense flavour tones to build upon.
Grains of Paradise – These spicy seeds are a member of the ginger family and add their zesty essence to many a Gin. While their contribution tends to be mostly a spicy sensation as opposed to a distinct aromatic element, they do have an aroma that faintly recalls cardamom.
Citrus Peels – A signature element in the bouquet of Gin, distillers have used a variety of fruits such as limes, lemons, oranges, and bitter oranges to enhance the flavour and perfume of their Gins.
Flowers – Some producers have added flowers to their Gins, aiming for a more perfumed nose.
And here’s my favourite Gin-based drink recipe – a Tom Collins:
* 60 ml gin
* 60 ml lemon juice
* 1 teaspoon sugar syrup
* soda water
* slice of lemon
* 1 Maraschino cherry
Technique
1) – Fill a tall glass with ice
2) – Add the gin, lemon juice and sugar. Stir to combine
3) – Top up the glass with soda water
4) – Garnish with lemon slice, cherry and serve